Top-Down and Bottom-Up Processes for Rural Development and the Role of Architects in Yunnan, China
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Top-Down and Bottom-Up Processes for Rural Development and the Role of Architects in Yunnan, China
This study identified two alternative but potentially simultaneous processes for rural development in China. One is the ‘bottom-up’ approach where individuals and groups of villagers work innovatively in developing new building construction opportunities, prompted by contemporary and indigenous design and construction methods. The alternative ‘top-down’ approach is associated with changes cause...
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Although there have been several previous investigations on the role of auditory training for the development of auditory processing skills, it still remains unknown whether children with auditory processing difficulties can get improved auditory skills after exposure to a multi-modal training experience comprising both visual and tactile stimuli. The present study, therefore, attempted to use ...
متن کاملThe effect of bottom-up and top-down auditory program training on the development of children's auditory processing skills
Although there have been several previous investigations on the role of auditory training for the development of auditory processing skills, it still remains unknown whether children with auditory processing difficulties can get improved auditory skills after exposure to a multi-modal training experience comprising both visual and tactile stimuli. The present study, therefore, attempted to use ...
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15 صفحه اولTop-Down Analysis for Bottom-Up Development
Component-based software engineering (CBSE) is the construction of software systems from software components. Software components are independently deployable units of executable code that can be assembled into a system based on their externally visible properties, which are made available to system developers via the components interface specifications. Software components provide a means for ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Buildings
سال: 2016
ISSN: 2075-5309
DOI: 10.3390/buildings6040047